Ngwa na njedebe mmiri mmiri nke ime akwụkwọ

Surfactants maka nha bụ ihe dị mkpa kemịkalụ njedebe mmiri na-enye mmiri na-eguzogide akwụkwọ na kaadiboodu. A na-ejikarị ha ede ihe, ibipụta akwụkwọ, nkwakọ ngwaahịa na akwụkwọ ihe owuwu na kaadiboodu.

Ụdị ndị bụ isi nke ndị na-emepụta ihe bụ rosin dabeere sizing agents na sịntetik dabeere nha ihe. Nkwadebe nke nha rosin gbasasịrị bụ usoro anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ, nke rosin siri ike na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ wee ghọọ rosin mmiri mmiri. Enwere nnukwu esemokwu n'etiti mmiri mmiri rosin na mmiri, na ibelata esemokwu n'etiti ihu nwere ike nweta naanị site na ịgbakwunye surfactants. Emulsifiers na ndị na-ekesa maka ịgbasa rosin chịngọm bụ ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe. Ịhọrọ surfactant ziri ezi bụ isi ihe na-edozi rosin chịngọm, na nke a na-ejikarị gụnyere anionic, cationic, na zwitterionic agents. Ihe emulsifier a na-ejikarị eme ihe na China bụ anionic chụsasịrị rosin chịngọm, na emulsifiers ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ ụdị polyoxyethylene, dị ka mmanya na-aba ụba polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, sodium 2-hydroxy-3- (styrene glycol) acrylic sulfonate, sodium 2-hydroxy-3- (nonylphenoxyoxyxycylium . dị ka cationic polyacrylamide, polyamide polyamide epichlorohydrin, na cationic starch ka a na-eji kwadebe cationic gbasasịrị rosin size.

Ihe nrịbama sịntetịt gụnyere alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) na alkyl succinic anhydride (ASA). A na-akpọkwa ụdị ihe abụọ a na-emepụta ihe dị ka ihe na-emeghachi omume n'ihi na ha nwere otu ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke nwere ike imeghachi omume na ìgwè hydroxyl nke eriri ma nọgide na eriri. N'ihi ikike ha nwere ike ịnweta ọnọdụ pH dị elu (pH = 7.5-8.5), ụdị ụdị nhazi a na-ewu ewu na ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ dịka ọ nwere ike iji calcium carbonate dị ọnụ ala dị ka ihe na-eme ka ike dịkwuo ike, ọcha, na ịrụ ọrụ akwụkwọ. Ugbu a, n'elu 50% nke elu-ọgwụgwụ akwụkwọ na mba mepere emepe enwetawo ọkara na alkaline papermaker. AKD na ASA bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na mmiri, enwere ike ịkwadebe ude AKD kwụsiri ike site na iji ụdị polyoxyethylene na-abụghị ionic surfactant dị ka emulsifier.

N'oge usoro ịcha ọcha nke pulp ejiri ihe surfactants gwọọ maka njikwa resin, resin fọdụrụnụ ga-ebuli elu. Ọ bụrụ na e kewaghị ya n'oge, ọ ga-etolite ihe nkwụnye ego nke na-arapara na ngwá ọrụ, igwe mpempe akwụkwọ ọla kọpa, ákwà ajị anụ, na ihicha cylinders, na-akpata ihe mgbochi ime akwụkwọ, na-emetụta ịde akwụkwọ nkịtị, na-ebutekwa ọrịa akwụkwọ. Tụkwasị na nke a, site n'iji akwụkwọ mkpofu eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe taa, ihe ndị na-eme ka resin dị ka nrapado, ihe nkedo ink, na mkpuchi mkpuchi na akwụkwọ mkpofu nwekwara ike ịmepụta ihe mgbochi resin nke na-emetụta ime akwụkwọ. Ya mere, nyocha na mmepe nke ndị na-ahụ maka ihe mgbochi resin aghọwo ihe dị mkpa.

Ndị na-ahụ maka njikwa ihe mgbochi resin a na-ejikarị na-agụnye ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ (dị ka ntụ ntụ talc), fungicides, surfactants, ndị na-ahụ maka chelating, polymer cationic, lipases, na ndị na-ekewa akpụkpọ ahụ. Ndị kasị eji surfactants bụ anionic surfactants, nke bụ ugbu a kasị n'ọtụtụ ebe na surfactants, gụnyere elu mmanya sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonic acids, na elu alcohols, phosphates, wdg Cationic surfactants bụ tumadi alkyl amine salts ma ọ bụ quaternary ammonium salts. Ihe ndị na-abụghị ionic surfactants gụnyere polyethylene glycol na polyols. Na mgbakwunye, enwerekwa amphoteric surfactants na ogige multicomponent dị iche iche. Ihe na-apụ apụ bụkwa ihe na-ahụ maka njikwa resin nke a na-eji chịkwaa nrapado dị n'etiti igwe nkụ na mpempe akwụkwọ, na-ete mmanu na igwe nkụ, ma jikwaa nkesa nrapado. Ọ na-agụnyekarị ude mmiri polyamide, dị ka ude mmanya mmanya polyvinyl, mmanụ ịnweta mmanụ na ikpo okwu surfactant dakọtara na-efesa ude mmiri silicon na polyamine polyamide cationic polymer.

Surfactant maka defoaming

N'ime usoro nhazi akwụkwọ ahụ, pulp ahụ nwere ntakịrị ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe dị ka ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na fatty acids, yana ihe nkwụnye ụfụfụ dị ka polymers sịntetik na starch. Ya mere, ụfụfụ ga-apụta, na-akpata nsogbu dịka nkwụsị akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ oghere na akwụkwọ. Isi ihe na-arụsi ọrụ ike nke ndị defoamers na-eji akwụkwọ eme ihe bụ nnukwu carbon alcohols, polyethers, fatty acid esters, organic silicon polymers, wdg. Ha na-akwadokarị n'ime mmiri na mmanụ mmanụ.

Ihe nro maka ime akwụkwọ

Dị nro na-ezo aka n'ikike nke surfactants iji mepụta ìgwè hydrophobic n'elu eriri ma tinye ha n'akụkụ ntụgharị, na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ike na nke static esemokwu nke eriri ihe, si otú ahụ nweta mmetụta dị nro na nro. Sulfuric acid mmanya, mmanụ castor sulfonated, na anionic surfactants ndị ọzọ na-egosipụta mmetụta dị nro mgbe a na-etinye ya n'elu eriri.

Otu cationic dị na cationic surfactants nwere ike jikọta ya na eriri ebubo na-adịghị mma, ebe otu hydrophobic na-etolite elu ike dị ala na mpụga nke eriri, na-ebute mgbanwe dị mma. A na-ejikarị fatty acid bisamide epichlorohydrin maka akwụkwọ nwere nnukwu mgbanwe chọrọ, dị ka akwụkwọ mposi, akwụkwọ wrinkle, akwa nhicha ọcha, akwa aka, akwa akwa, wdg.

Bipolar ionic surfactants nwere ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa. Otu cationic ha nwere ike ime njikọ na eriri, ebe otu anionic ha nwere ike jikọta ya na eriri site na polyelectrolytes ma ọ bụ ion aluminum na pulp. Ha nwekwara ike ime ka ndị otu hydrophobic kwekọọ n'èzí, na-ebelata ike elu. Ihe atụ nke ndị dị otú ahụ surfactants gụnyere 1 (. 9 'aminoethyl). 2. Iri na asaa alkyl imidazoline carboxylic acid mmepụta. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ma cationic na amphoteric surfactants nwere antibacterial na bactericidal Njirimara, nke nwere ike igbochi akwụkwọ n'ụzọ dị irè.

Organosilicon surfactants bụ nke pụrụ iche surfactants, na cationic organosilicon quaternary ammonium salts bụ nke a na-ejikarị dị ka ihe nro. Enwekwara ọtụtụ ụdị ihe nro ndị ọzọ, dị ka stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, polyoxyethylene lanolin, emulsified wax, wdg.

Ihe nro maka ime akwụkwọ

Dị nro na-ezo aka n'ikike nke surfactants iji mepụta ìgwè hydrophobic n'elu eriri ma tinye ha n'akụkụ ntụgharị, na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ike na nke static esemokwu nke eriri ihe, si otú ahụ nweta mmetụta dị nro na nro. Sulfuric acid mmanya, mmanụ castor sulfonated, na anionic surfactants ndị ọzọ na-egosipụta mmetụta dị nro mgbe a na-etinye ya n'elu eriri.

Otu cationic dị na cationic surfactants nwere ike jikọta ya na eriri ebubo na-adịghị mma, ebe otu hydrophobic na-etolite elu ike dị ala na mpụga nke eriri, na-ebute mgbanwe dị mma. A na-ejikarị fatty acid bisamide epichlorohydrin maka akwụkwọ nwere nnukwu mgbanwe chọrọ, dị ka akwụkwọ mposi, akwụkwọ wrinkle, akwa nhicha ọcha, akwa aka, akwa akwa, wdg.

Bipolar ionic surfactants nwere ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa. Otu cationic ha nwere ike ime njikọ na eriri, ebe otu anionic ha nwere ike jikọta ya na eriri site na polyelectrolytes ma ọ bụ ion aluminum na pulp. Ha nwekwara ike ime ka ndị otu hydrophobic kwekọọ n'èzí, na-ebelata ike elu. Ihe atụ nke ndị dị otú ahụ surfactants gụnyere 1 (. 9 'aminoethyl). 2. Iri na asaa alkyl imidazoline carboxylic acid mmepụta. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ma cationic na amphoteric surfactants nwere antibacterial na bactericidal Njirimara, nke nwere ike igbochi akwụkwọ n'ụzọ dị irè.

Organosilicon surfactants bụ nke pụrụ iche surfactants, na cationic organosilicon quaternary ammonium salts bụ nke a na-ejikarị dị ka ihe nro.

Enwekwara ọtụtụ ụdị ihe nro ndị ọzọ, dị ka stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, polyoxyethylene lanolin, emulsified wax, wdg.

Onye nnọchi anya antistatic

Na mmepụta nke akwụkwọ nhazi pụrụ iche, mgbe ụfọdụ enwere ike izute nsogbu mgbochi static. Iji surfactants gwọọ mmiri mmiri nwere ike imepụta elu elu hydrophilic. Nke ahụ bụ, dị ka onye na-ahụ maka mgbochi static, surfactant na-emepụta mgbasa ozi dị mma n'elu ihe ahụ, na-emepụta otu hydrophobic n'elu ihe. Ndị otu hydrophilic na-agbatị n'ime oghere, na-abawanye conductivity ion na ikuku absorption conductivity nke eriri, na-ebute mwepu phenomena na mbelata nke nguzogide elu, si otú ahụ na-egbochi mkpokọta ọkụ eletrik. Surfactants eji dị ka anti-static agents nwere nnukwu hydrophobic otu na ike hydrophilic otu. Ndị surfactants cationic nwere ojiji kachasị elu yana arụmọrụ kachasị mma, ndị na-esote amphoteric surfactants.

Ihe na-ekesa eriri

Ọrụ bụ isi nke ndị na-ekesa eriri bụ iji belata flocculation fiber ma melite nhazi akwụkwọ. Ndị na-ekesa eriri nwere ike ịmepụta usoro bilayer n'elu eriri. Ọgwụgwụ polar nke mgbasa ozi dị n'èzí nwere njikọ siri ike na mmiri, na-abawanye ogo wetting site na mmiri ma na-ebugharị ọkụ eletrik static iji nweta mgbasa. Ndị na-ekesa eriri ndị a na-ejikarị na-agụnye polyacrylamide hydrolyzed (PAM), polyethylene oxide (PlEO), wdg. PEO nwere nnukwu viscosity, ezigbo mmiri solubility, na mma mmanu. Ịgbakwunye ihe na-erughị 0.05% na akwụkwọ mposi dị elu nwere ike nweta mmetụta mgbasa ozi ọma.

Ngwa nke nha elu na mkpuchi na mpempe akwụkwọ

Nhazi na mkpuchi ihu abụọ na-agụnye itinye kemịkalụ n'elu akwụkwọ, nke bụ isi iji meziwanye ihe ndị dị n'elu ya, kwalite ọrụ mbipụta ya, yana n'ozuzu iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe. Ma enwere ọtụtụ ọdịiche dị n'etiti abụọ ahụ, isi ihe dị iche bụ na gluing elu na-ejikarị eme ihe naanị, ebe mkpuchi na-eji ma adhesives na pigments; A na-agbanye ihe nkpuchi a na-eji maka mkpuchi elu n'ime akwụkwọ ahụ, ebe a na-etinye pigmenti na-etinye n'elu akwụkwọ ahụ.

Surfactants maka nha elu elu

Dị ka ihe onwunwe si dị, ọ nwere ike kewaa n'ime ihe okike na gbanwetụrụ na ngwaahịa sịntetik; Dị ka ihe onwunwe ionic si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya na anionic, cationic na ndị na-abụghị ionic; dịka ụdị ngwaahịa ahụ si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime ụdị ngwọta mmiri mmiri na ụdị ude mmiri. Adhesives elu nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe nwere hydrophobic na hydrophilic otu, ya mere n'ikwu okwu n'ụzọ sara mbara, ha niile bụ surfactants. Ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-agụnye starch gbanwetụrụ, mmanya polyvinyl (PVA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), na polyacrylamide (PAM). Enwere ike ịhọrọ ihe dị iche iche dị n'elu dịka mkpa dị iche iche si dị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ: ① Iji meziwanye nguzogide mmiri, a pụrụ iji AKD, rosin achụsasịrị, paraffin, chromium chloride stearate, styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, na latex ndị ọzọ sịntetik resin; ② Iji melite mmanu mmanu, organic fluorinated ogige dị ka perfluoroalkyl acrylate copolymers, perfluorooctanoic acid chromium complexes, perfluoroalkyl phosphates, wdg nwere ike ịgbakwunye Mmụba mgbochi adhesion site na-agbakwụnye silicone resin; ④ Meziwanye arụmọrụ obibi akwụkwọ, tumadi iji starch gbanwetụrụ, CMC, PVA, wdg Meziwanye ike akọrọ na mmiri mmiri site na ịgbakwunye PAM modified starch, wdg Iji meziwanye glossiness mbipụta, CMC, sodium alginate, na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ejikarị eme ihe. Iji mee ka mmetụta dị elu dịkwuo mma, a na-ejikarị ihe abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa na-emekọ ihe ọnụ, na mmetụta dị oke mkpa.

mkpuchi surfactants

Ngwakọta nke mkpuchi maka nhazi mkpuchi na-agụnye adhesives, pigmenti, na ihe mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ. Ihe mkpuchi ahụ n'onwe ya bụ ihe mgbagwoju anya, ọ na-adịkwa iche dabere na akwụkwọ achọrọ na nhazi usoro. Surfactants na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịmepụta ihe mkpuchi akwụkwọ, karịsịa gụnyere ndị na-ekesa mkpuchi, ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe, ndị na-emepụta mmanụ, ihe nchekwa, ihe ndị na-egbochi static, na latex synthetic.

Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi: Ọ bụ ihe mgbakwunye kachasị mkpa na mkpuchi, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ surfactants. Ọrụ ya bụ ① inye ụmụ irighiri ụcha pigmenti na ebubo, na-eme ka ha na-ebuso ibe ha iwe iwe; ② Na-ekpuchi elu nke ihe ndị dị na pigmenti, ọ na-eme ka colloid na-echebe; ③ Mepụta steeti viscosity dị elu n'akụkụ ihe ndị ahụ iji gbochie ọtụtụ irighiri ihe na-achịkọta. The mbụ dispersants ji mee ihe bụ phosphates, polysilicates, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, condensation ngwaahịa nke benzenesulfonic acid na formaldehyde, casein, Arabic resin, wdg Sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, na sodium tetraphosphate na-ejikarị dispersants na ala siri ike mkpuchi mkpuchi. N'ime ihe mkpuchi dị elu siri ike, a na-ejikarị ndị na-ekesa ihe ndị dị ka sodium polyacrylate ngwọta, sodium polymethacrylate na ihe ndị na-emepụta ya, ngwọta nnu disodium nke diisobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer, yana alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether na abụba polyoxyethylene ether.

Defoamer: A na-emepụtakarị ụfụfụ na usoro nkwadebe mkpuchi na mkpuchi, na defoamer kwesịrị ịgbakwunye. Enwere oke mmanya dị elu, esters fatty acid, tributyl phosphate, tripropyl phosphate, wdg.

Lubricant: Iji mee ka mmiri dị mma na mmanye nke mkpuchi akwụkwọ dị mma, na-eme ka adhesion dịkwuo mma, na-enye akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ na-egbuke egbuke na-egbuke egbuke, na-amụba plasticity, gbochie mgbawa, ma melite mbipụta nke akwụkwọ mkpuchi, enwere ike ịgbakwunye mmanụ aṅụ. Ihe mmanu ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe ugbu a bụ ihe ndị na-ahụ maka ncha ncha ncha na-agbaze mmiri nke calcium stearate nọchitere anya ya, na lubricants sodium stearate water-soluble lubricants nwekwara mmetụta dị ukwuu. Paraffin hydrocarbons na fatty acid amines nwekwara ike iji dị ka mmanu mmanu.

Ihe nchekwa: Ụfọdụ nrapado sitere n'okike na-enwekarị mmebi na ebu ibu, ya mere a ga-agbakwunye spines na-egbochi corrosion na mkpuchi akwụkwọ. Quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants, fluorinated cyclic compounds, organic bromine na sulfur ogige, N - (2-benzimidazolyl) carbamate (carbendazim), wdg ejirila mee ihe na mkpuchi akwụkwọ.

Onye nnọchi anya antistatic: Site na ịgbakwunye octadecyltrimethylammonium fluoride, polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, polystyrene sulfonate, wdg na usoro mkpuchi, enwere ike inye akwụkwọ ikike mgbochi static.

Sịntetik latex: sịntetik latex bụ ihe dị mkpa mkpuchi mkpuchi. N'ime usoro nkwadebe nke latex sịntetik, surfactants na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa dị ka emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, wdg.
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# onye na-emepụta silicon #